I recently had SMP. Does SMP compromise the health of scalp enough to jeopardize the hair already transplanted there?

Scalp MicroPigmentation or SMP is basically a tattoo.  When done property, it should not harm the surrounding hairs or skin.

SMP, or scalp micropigmentation, is a painless procedure that uses highly specialized equipment and unique techniques to carefully and expertly inject all-natural, color-tailored pigments into the scalp creating a completely natural look of the patient’s hairline. A typical procedure involves an initial consultation and two pigmentation sessions to achieve the desired results. You can wash your head the fourth day after the treatment and, during that time, avoid any strenuous activity that will prompt undesired sweating. Once the procedure is complete, the results of a Scalp Micropigmentation treatment can last up to five years.
At the Foundation for Hair Restoration in NYC, I work with the world-renowned hair expert Dr.Jeffrey Epstein and his team to create beautiful, natural results for any hair type.
SMP is delivered more superficially and therefore will not effect the rest of your hair.
Consult with an experienced hair restoration surgeon for a complete range of options that are appropriate for your situation.

SMP does not compromise the health of the scalp if the procedure is done in a hair transplant surgeon's office that provides this technique in safe and clean approach without jeopardizing the transplanted hair.

In a hand of experienced doctor, it is unlikely that SMP will damage your original or transplanted hair.
The ideal depth of SMP is much higher (upper dermis) in skin as compared to hair follicle which is much deeper ( deep dermis and beyond). 
SMP can cause damage to hair, If there is associated infection, allergy to the ink used or scarring caused by the procedure done (unlikely in experienced hands).

SMP is a superficial procedure. The dots deposits do not reach the lower dermis of the skin where the hair follicles are. Thus the follicles are not affected by this procedure in any way. If the type of ink/pigment used is of a low quality, then it might give irritation to the scalp or/and allergy reactions etc.. Just make sure you ask about the ink/pigment used, make sure you got your treatment from a reputable place.

SMP will not compromise the health of your scalp in any way; however, if you were to do an FUE, you could not use the ARTAS robot which would be confused by the DOTs