It varies depending on if you have FUT or FUE and other factors, but generally it's a few days before you can resume daily activities as normal. From there it can be anywhere from a week or two to a month before you can resume heavy exercise, etc.
Thanks for your photo and based on it you will need around 2000-2300 grafts to reconstruct the frontal part which means filling in the temples and lowering your hair line a bit. This amount will help to achieve a natural and good result with high density.
That's perfectly normal. Most transplanted hairs fall out between a week to a month after surgery, while scabs can take up to two weeks to fall. So, during this overlap period they often come out together, nothing to be concerned about unless you are picking off the scabs. However, you should...