I think that most people who have had a "good" facelift have flaps that are elevated extensively and benefit from HbO2. I agree that "deep tanks" have increased risk, and that a "shallow tank" is sufficient. These treatments are not expensive. I formerly did not believe in them, but had a patient start smoking 3 packs a day after a facelift (he had been off cigarettes for years). His flaps turned extremely dusky. Within two days of shallow HbO2, his flaps returned to normal. I have also seen secondary patients from other surgeons who have had flap loss and have benefited from HbO2 with quick healing that normally might have taken months. One of the most dramatic patients was one who had a occlusion of a vessel from an injection in the upper nasolabial fold (elsewhere, but could happen to anyone) with imminent necrosis of medial facial skin that responded to Hyperbaric. It would be difficult to do a controlled study on facelift patients, but these experiences, though anecdotal are persuasive. We certainly use HbO2 for failing flaps in cancer reconstruction, as it improves the oxidation and metabolism of the flap. I have not had necrosis of any portion of a flap for years, since starting HbO2, and do an aggressive facelift, so it is difficult to change my opinion that it really does help.