Why do my temporary veneers cause my teeth so much sensitivity? Will my permanent ones feel better? (photo)

Sensitive temporaries can be normal.  They are likely leaking or the bite is high.  I would recommend having your permanents cemented as soon as you can to alleviate your symptoms.  

Veneer temps generally are thin plastic coverings that are spot bonded and shrink wrapped onto the prepared tooth surface. Therefore, it is not an uncommon experience for patients to have some degree of sensitivity while in temporary veneers.  
Care should be taken not to expose the teeth during the temp stage to very cold or hot nor acidic foods and drinks. However if you experience severe sensitivity or throbbing pain that lingers it is very important to notify your dentist immediately.In regards to the lower teeth bothering you this may be from a bite disturbance caused by a premature contact with the temp veneers.  You should see your dentist to evaluate ASAP!
 

If your temporaries is causing moderate sensitivity, then this must be reported to your dentist asap. There are many reasons for sensitivity, included below but not limited to following:1- lack of right fit to the tooth2- over preparation of the teeth3-occlusion and bite4- bacterial leakage5- the preparation is in dentin and the tubules of dentin is not sealed6- possible nerve damage7- gum inflammationConsult your veneer dentist to help you asap

It's not unusual to feel sensitive after having your procedure done. The temporary material is not really thermoprotective and can lead to cold/hot sensitivity in some patients. Additionally, the "trauma" induced by the procedure itself can irritate the teeth, causing transient sensitivity. This should go away after a couple days, and at the latest, once you final veneers have been in place for a few weeks. Your lower teeth being sensitive, may mean that your bite needs adjusted. For that, I would recommend to follow up with your dentist to see if you're biting to hard on those teeth, causing the sensitivity. For any discomfort or sensitivity, usually ibuprofen 800 or extra strength Tylenol will help. Hope that helps!

Veneer temorizaiton technique varies among dentists. Generally speaking most patients experience some degree of sensitivity while in temporary restoration, which is reversible. However if you experience throbbing pain and sensitive after consuming hot food or beverage, please discuss that with your dentist. 

Some people have different pain thresholds. The pain you may experience is very subjective; it really depends on how much prepping was required. 
You need to avoid extreme temperatures and should take ibuprofen and extra strength Tylenol for the sensitivity. Let your treating doctor know what you're feeling as there are other medications that can help. You also need to make sure it settles down prior to having the permanent ones delivered, but the permanent ones should not cause that type of discomfort. 
Think about it like this: our teeth have enamel covering them. It is a protective covering that no matter how little you remove of it, it can cause some level of sensitivity. 
As for the lower teeth, they may be hurting due to having your mouth open for such a long period of time. My question on that would be if they used a bite opening appliance? 
But definitely inform your doctor. The most important thing you can do is keep your doctor updated on how you're feeling because a cosmetic procedure like veneers can cause severe sensitivity. 

Yes, your final veneers will be much less sensitive. Or they should be at least. If your dentist prepped your teeth structure quite a bit, then you’ll be more likely to have sensitivity during the temporaries. The reason temporary veneers or crowns have sensitivity is because the temporary acrylic material is not permanently bonded and sealed to your teeth. The final veneers and crowns are made more accurate to your teeth shapes AND a permanent cement will be used to bond and seal to your teeth. 

While we do our best to mitigate discomfort with temporary veneers, it is not unusual to have sensitivity.  It could be the bite is high and needs adjustment.  It could be the seal is not perfect (and it never really is with a temporary) so saliva can leak through.But it CAN mean that the nerves to the teeth are not happy and may need root canal therapy.Your treating dentist should be able to help.