Does liposuction cause compensatory buccal fat pad enlargement? (Photos)

It is a very interesting information that you found in literature about fat growth-compensatory increase in visceral fat after liposuction? More likely is that increase in body weight have caused change in appearance of cheeks and prominence of abdomen. There is no doubt that increase in intra-abdominal fat (visceral fat) is the cause of more prominent belly. Weight reduction will take care of both. Good luck.

Just based off your limited photo - its hard to gauge the cheeks and chin due to the beard and limited angle - but to answer your question - yes, deeper fat and / or visceral fat does increase as you gain weight post liposuction. There are a few factors for you - 1. is age, metabolism is slowing down and the more your lifestyle changes for the worse, the more you will see the growth of the deeper / visceral fat, 2. facial aging - cheeks fall as we age, as well as fat past the jawline and into the chin area, skin gets looser as well - so you are seeing all these components as well probably weight gain. 3. diet / alcohol - many other life style factors can influence these changes.
In your case, you can try a buccal fat reduction but remember as we age more - it will only hollow out more leaving you with a more hollowed out cheek in the long run. I recommend you try to lose a good 10-15lbs to start - diet, exercise, gym, calorie deficit, 8-10k steps a day - then lose more if you see changes everywhere for the better because essentially you can change all those negative things yourself. Hard to evaluate your chin but "deep neck fat" really isn't much if you've had lipo already.