Fat cells behave differently in different parts of the body, but once they are removed from a particular area they don't come back. That is how you get a permanent change in body shape from lipo. The idea is to identify the areas where the fat is resistant to change with diet and exercise, and target those areas specifically. These are the fat cells that behave as sort of 'emergency reserves" and you would be too thin in other areas before they start to diminish. If you have say 3 areas like this and you only have lipo on 2, then the other will become an even bigger problem. A classic example is the "apple body" where there is excess fat around the middle but skinny legs; an often overlooked part of that body type is the upper inner thighs. If the lipo addresses all of the problem areas, you can still gain weight but it would have to spread out evenly.
When liposuction is performed, fat cells are removed. These fat cells will not grow back, but the ones you have may expand if you gain weight.