Breast Augmentation for Body Builders - Above the Muscle?

Rachel, you have asked a very good question, to which there is no perfect answer. While there is always a trade-off in any surgery, the significant factors in body builders are 1) low body fat 2) desire to show good pec shape, size and definition.

Because of these considerations, I usually recommend leaving the Pec alone, and accepting the tradeoffs of being above the muscle in a thin person. Specifically, these are visibility of  the implants and visible rippling of the implants. This is decidedly worse with saline implants, so I would definitely recommend only silicone gel implants. And even these are not without wrinkle potential. In terms of implant visibility, this also depends a lot on the size of the implants. The bigger they are, the more likely they are to be seen and appear un-natural. Submuscular implants in body-builders are problematic because of the weird look when the muscles tighten. If you want pectoral augmentation, then go sub-pectoral. If you want breast augmentation, then go sub-fascial (above the muscle).

For very athletic women, as you are, I recommend implant placement above the muscle, but this results in less tissue for coverage of the implant, and with time, you may develop quite noticeable rippling of the implant beneath the skin and breast tissue.  A better choice for your implant above the muscle would be silicone, which has a lesser tendency for visible rippling. 

Since you are having the implant placed above the muscle, you may want to consider gel implants since they will have a more natural feel and don't show visible rippling under the skin as much.

Hello,

As a very good rule of thumb, saline implants should be placed under the muscle, especially if there is very little breast tissue/low percentage body fat.  Breast augmentation performed in the subfascial or subglandular plane (on top of the muscle) is ideally performed with a silicone implant and on patients with at least a 2cm pinch test thickness of the breast tissue.

All the best,

Dr Repta

Web reference: http://aaaplasticsurgery.com

I regularly perform breast augmentation surgery for patients who participate in body building, fitness and figure competitions. While many are initially concerned about sub-pectoral placement and the potential for distortion of the appearance of augmented breasts when the pec major contracts, I am absolutely confident that the aesthetic outcome for these patients will be far superior with implants placed under the muscle.

A pre-pectoral implant in a slender patient, especially one with well-developed muscles, looks just as you imagine it would: like a foreign object, not like a natural-appearing breast. The muscle does not have to contract for a pre-pectoral implant to look unnatural in this group of patients - it looks unnatural every minute of the day.

Achieving the ideal aesthetic position for a sub-pectoral implant requires release of part of the inferior origin of the muscle from the chest wall. I perform the minimal release of the origin of the pec major that is required to get the implant in an ideal position vertically, but also weaken the origin in the area where muscle contraction tends to displace an implant. As a result the vast majority of patients have little to no distortion of their breast appearance when the pec major muscles are tensed. Patients also do not experience any loss of function, strength or range of motion from release of this very limited part of the pec major origin. Many patients have indicated that their natural (but augmented) breast appearance has provided a significant advantage for them in competitions.

Web reference: http://michaellawmd.com

Unfortunately, this is a compromise operation. You will have to accept some of the disadvantages that are naturally a part of the operation and some of those are emphasized by the fact that bodybuilders in general have a very low percentage body fat which makes visibility of the implant much more likely. This is true whether the implant is placed under the muscle or over the muscle. One issue to consider is size. Going too large will not only give a more unnatural appearance it will increase the chance of implant visibility meaning a greater chance of visible rippling and wrinkling. A more conservative size implant will look more natural and that will have less of the chance of visible rippling and wrinkling. A more conservative size implant will also keep you looking in proportion and more athletic. With regard to this issue the silicone implant is preferable because in general it not only feels more natural but it looks more natural because there is less of the chance of rippling and wrinkling compared to saline implants.

The next issue to consider is whether to put the implants under the muscle or over the muscle. There are disadvantages to each of these choices in bodybuilders. Over the muscle or more accurately, sub glandular, results in less soft tissue coverage which could increase the chance of being able to see the implant. This means that rippling will be more visible.

Unfortunately, placing the implant under the muscle increases the chance of movement of the implant with contraction of the pectoralis muscle, which in many cases is undesirable. It can be difficult to predict how much movement of the implant will be present, but in all likelihood, there will be some. So you need to choose which of those problems you want to try to avoid, and which of those problems will be acceptable to you if they are present after the surgery.

I would recommend silicone gel implants and leave up to you whether he would prefer over the muscle, sub glandular or under the muscle, sub muscular given the issues noted above.

I would recommend silicone implants on top of the muscle, as I feel silicone looks/feels more natural and is less likely to wrinkle/ripple.   In terms of size, the bigger the implants, the higher the risk of complications.  In order to make an accurate size recommendation, I would need to assess your chest wall and breast mound measurements and characteristics.  Unfortunately, there is not a general rule of thumb or objective criteria to implant selection.

Your plastic surgeon will perform several measurements of your chest wall and breast anatomy and determine a range of implants that both fit your chest wall and reach your desired goals.
The next step is to try on this range of implants in the office with your doctor.   The key to this success is showing your surgeon the body proportion you desire with a bra sizer and allowing your surgeon to guide you to the right implant.   It will be much easier to communicate in implant cc's than cup size when determining the appropriate implant for you.
I wish you a safe recovery and fantastic result.
Dr. Gill

Web reference: http://www.drpaulgill.com

In most women in this position, I recommend a silicone implant in either the subglandular or subfascial plane.  Animation is a very significant issue with under the muscle augmentation in bodybuilders.

Best,

If you are a true body builder, your implants should be placed above the muscle and not below the muscle. In these cases, since these patients have very little body fat I recommend silicone implants over saline implants because they will have less chance of rippling. However, I suggest discussing this option with your surgeon. I recommend a Smooth, round silicone gel implant, moderate profile using the base diameter as one of the major decision points for size and shape.

This is a very tough question. There are pros and cons to having silicone and saline implants above and below the muscle.

Traditionally, it is recommended to place implants above the muscle for people seriously pursuing bodybuilding carrier. The reason for that recommendation is that if the implants are placed underneath the muscle, high level of activity of pectoralis muscle will result in implant being squeezed out, or pushed out from its original position into “down and out” direction.

Also, during breast augmentation surgery, some of the attachments of the pectoralis muscle to the lower ribs may have to be divided and that will change the appearance of the pectoralis muscle during the competition. During competition the overactive pectoralis muscle will also deform the implant and create abnormal and somewhat unsightly appearance.

Placing the implants above the muscle avoid all these problems and a bodybuilder can continue with exercise and competition prior on without fear of the implants being pushed out of position by the muscles. However, most professional bodybuilder is a very low body fat ratio and very small amount of subcutaneous fat. During the competitions, a lot of bodybuilders go on high-protein diets and use water pills to further improve muscle definition. When the thickness of subcutaneous fat pad on the chest goes down, the subcutaneous breast implant placed below the breast tissue can be visible. Saline implants have slightly lower risk of capsular contracture. Silicone implants have slightly higher risk of capsular contracture. Saline implants have higher chance of rippling. Silicone implants have lower chance of rippling, however, even with silicone implants, some of the rippling can still be visible, especially before competition.

Even though there is no perfect solution, silicone implants above the muscle is still the best option today. The key is to make sure that the implant was properly matched to the chest wall size based on the implant diameter and desired projection.

Sincerely,

Boris Volshteyn M.D., M.S.