Biting surface of central incisor feels chalky

This chalky feeling most likely is due to the bite adjustment completed after insertion. Bite adjustments are super common, however, after the adjustment there needs to be adequate polishing of the adjusted surfaces. I recommend calling your dentist and scheduling a followup to address this feeling and for some smoothing and polishing.

It sounds as if the smooth glaze of the ceramic was adjusted when they corrected your bite. Ask the dentist to polish the area, it is a quick fix,

A chalky feeling on the biting surface of a veneer could indicate a few possible scenarios:
Incomplete Glazing: It is possible that the veneer was not properly glazed by the dental lab during its fabrication. The glazing process involves applying a layer of translucent material to the veneer's surface, providing it with a smooth and glossy finish. If the glaze is incomplete or uneven, it can result in a rough or chalky texture.
Porcelain Surface Irregularities: Sometimes, the porcelain material itself may have small irregularities or rough spots, even with proper glazing. These irregularities can cause a chalky sensation when touched.
Occlusal Adjustment: The biting surface of the veneer may have been adjusted by the dentist during the installation process to ensure proper bite alignment. If the adjustment was not followed by adequate polishing or smoothing of the surface, it can lead to a rough or chalky texture.
Remember, it's important to address this issue promptly to prevent any further deterioration of the veneer's surface and to ensure your overall satisfaction with your dental restorations.