How can I fix my teeth after dentist filed one tooth too much on the bottom? (Photos)

You should go back to the dentist and ask him what can be done.  I cannot tell from your photos, as you did not post a before photo.  Some options might be cosmetic bonding, porcelain veneers, or Invisalign.  Another option is do nothing and give it time to see if you adapt. 

Your bottom tooth looks OK. It’s a little round edges but we don’t know what it looked like before the procedure. Talk to your dentist and share your concerns with him or her. The tooth can be restored with Composite white filling to give back its original height. Your dentist probably had to recontour that tooth so you don’t bite high or hit that tooth to your top crown.