The risk period for blood clots in the veins of the abdomen or legs is about a month, so unless blood thinners were used for that entire time, the risk would not be eliminated, unfortunately. Therefore, surgical management aims for risk reduction, not elimination. There is no standard for the duration of blood thinners, so each surgeon must make an independent decision on what to use, and for how long. Using Lovenox (low molecular heparin weight heparin) has become routine in my practice for tummy tucks, and I prescribe it for two doses post op, starting the morning after surgery. During surgery it is important to keep the blood flowing in the legs and to keep the patient warm. This is accomplished by the use of serial compression devices for the calf or foot, and Bair Hugger warming blankets both above and below the abdomen. I also use Exparel, long-acting bupivacaine anesthetic, that is injected throughout the surgical field during the tummy tuck. This gives excellent pain relief for three days, enhancing mobility. I also eliminate the use of drains by suturing the abdominal flap back down to the abdominal wall. Being drain and catheter free and having less post-operative pain makes patients more likely to get up and move around, theoretically decreasing the risk of blood clots.Blood clots may produce no signs or symptoms. The risk is that the blood clot may grow and break off and go to the lungs which is known as a pulmonary embolism. This can be fatal. If there are signs and symptoms suggestive of a blood clot in the lower extremity, such as calf pain or tenderness, then a Doppler ultrasound imaging study and D-dimer blood testing could aid in diagnosis. A recent review of abdominoplasty risks stated: A combined 1316 lipo-abdominoplasty patients had results reported in the literature. Of these patients, 21 of 1316 (1.6%) developed seroma, 5 of 1032 (0.5%) experienced hematoma, 6 of 1032 (0.6%) experienced venous thromboembolism, and 3 of 1032 (0.3%) developed pulmonary embolism.Other retrospective reports have reported a much higher incidence of seroma, varying from 5-30%. In this respect the use of quilting sutures to close off the potential space in which fluid can accumulate has resulted in no seromas in my practice in the last year, except for one patient with a BMI of 38.See link below for article abstract.
