Is it safe to use a whitening tray AFTER getting teeth bonded?

I would recommend that you not whiten at this point. If you do attempt to lighten your teeth you will be at risk of your bonding not matching as these materials do not change color.  The time to bleach would have been prior to bonding.  

Dental bonding may react differently to your natural teeth so if you are interested in teeth whitening it's a good idea to have a cosmetic dentist make a recommendation based on an assessment of your natural and bonded teeth first.

Yes, it is safe to whiten your teeth after dental bondings (or composite fillings) have been placed. The whitening chemical does not affect the longevity of the bondings. However, while the gel may whiten your natural tooth structure, it may not whiten the bonding material. This can lead to an "uneven" whitened appearance. To avoid this uneven appearance it is best to whiten your teeth first, then to have bondings placed after. However, you can still proceed with the whitening now. I would recommend whitening a little at a time. Maybe you can leave the material in for 30 minutes instead of 45. This way, you can evaluate the appearance after each application. If you feel that the whitening is uneven, you can choose to have your dentist place lighter colored bondings.I hope this helps!Ivan 

The problem you are facing is that it is unlikely that the bonded material will change color.  If the tooth lightens it may make the outcome look odd.  I would consult your dentist to see what they advise.  Good luck!

It would be safe but understand that your bonding will not lighten or whiten.If it matches well now, you may want to forego whitening.