In my opinion you have only one option and that is braces. To try to fix your tooth with a veneer would create a mess that you would have to deal with for the rest of your life. Do the right thing and go talk to an orthodontist. Good luck!
You need to return to the dentist who did your work and let them help you. If that does not work then a second opinion is in order. Good luck!
I would sub best you start by consulting an orthodontist. It is hard to say as the radiograph is small but it appears you have an impacted cuspid. They can be retrieved but it takes a good orthodontist and oral surgeon to do it. Start with an orthodontist and see what your options are. Good luck!
I would suggest you get a second opinion with a good cosmetic dentist before any enamel is removed from your teeth. Your orthodontist may be right but it doesn't hurt to get a second opinion before anything is done. Good luck!
It is hard to tell from the pictures what has happened. Normally it is not a good thing to "burn" the gums during cleaning. Also you appear to have significant recession on one of your front teeth that may need grafting. I would consult with a Periodontist to see if this is needed. I suspect the effects of the laser will heal but if not, again, a Periodontist should be consulted. Good luck!