The main difference is in how the eye is prepared for treatment. Both LASEK and LASIK can be done with the same excimer laser, which emits a cool beam of ultraviolet light to remove microscopic amounts of tissue from the cornea with a high degree of accuracy, without damaging the surrounding tissue.Â
During LASIK eye surgery, the surgeon uses the laser or a microkeratome blade to cut a circular corneal flap on the eye’s surface. They lift the flap and laser the underlying corneal tissue, to change the curvature of the cornea. The flap is then returned to its original position, where it acts as a natural bandage, keeping the eye comfortable during the healing process.
With LASEK eye surgery, your surgeon separates just the ultra-thin outer layer of the cornea (the epithelium) from the underlying layer, with a quick application of an alcohol solution. This epithelial flap can then be slid to the side while remaining attached to the eye at one edge. This exposes the underlying corneal tissue for remodeling by the laser.
After the corneal laser sculpting is finished, your surgeon repositions the epithelial flap on the surface of the eye. A special contact lens that acts as a bandage is placed on the eye, to keep the epithelium in place as it heals.Â
During PRK, the epithelium is completely removed, the underlying tissue is reshaped, and a new epithelial layer grows back after about five days. “Studies comparing PRK and LASEK have not shown significant differences in healing time, discomfort or postoperative vision”, explains Dr. Brad Kligman, an ophthalmologist and refractive surgery specialist from Long Island, NY. “Some surgeons may market LASEK as a superior procedure to PRK but the data shows equivalent results,” adds Dr. Kligman.
There is no universally accepted “best” method for correcting refractive errors, but some providers and patients prefer LASIK because it typically has a shorter healing time with less discomfort. A complete eye exam with a surgeon who offers all these procedures is the best way to determine the right option for you.