Who is the Best Plastic Surgeon to Perform Areola Reduction Surgery?

Areolar reduction is part of the standard breast reduction and mastopexy protocols so focus your doctor search on board certified plastic surgeons who perform a lot of those procedures. Scar healing is heavily dependent on your skin tone and texture.

First of all, a couple of definitions: the areola is the pigmented skin that surrounds the nipple.  Most surgeons pronounce this uh-REE-oh-la, but are-ee-OH-la is also used.  Areolar skin has not only a different color but usually a different texture compared to the surrounding breasts skin, and both features help to conceal scars placed at the areolar border.  The term nipple refers to the projecting tissue at the center of the center of the areola, which contains the openings of the lactiferous (milk) ducts.  These two structures comprise what plastic surgeons refer to as the 'nipple / areola complex'.

Areolar Reduction

A youthful, aesthetically ideal breast has an areolar diameter of about 38-42mm (about one and a half inches).  Some breasts have large areolas from the time that they develop during puberty, and some enlarge later in life with pregnancy and lactation.  A large areola tends to make a breast look 'matronly' even if it is not droopy.  Areolar diameter can definitely be reduced, and this can be performed as a stand-alone procedure or as part of larger cosmetic breast procedure such as a lift, reduction or augmentation.

The surgical technique involves removing the excess areolar skin, in the form of a donut-shaped skin excision.  A circular incision is made around the areola at the desired diameter of about 40mm, then a second circular incision is made at the outer border of the large areola.  The epidermis is shaved off between the two incisions, leaving the dermis behind.  A 'purse-string' suture is then placed in the dermis at the outer incision that allows the surgeon to reduce the outer diameter to 42-44mm by cinching together the two ends of the suture.  The suture acts as a drawstring to reduce the outer diameter, and allows closure of the areola with reduced tension on the healing incision.

The purse-string suture is critical for maintaining areolar shape and size.  Without the purse-string suture, areolas will almost always enlarge over time.  When that suture is tied, the skin of the outer portion of the areola is gathered somewhat, as the circumference of the outer incision is much larger than that of the inner incision.  The gathered or 'pleated' appearance of the outer margin of the areola gradually flattens out over time; this generally take a few months.

Occasionally I see a patient purely for areolar reduction, but the majority of patients I see have their areolas reduced as part of a mastopexy (breast lift), augmentation mastopexy (breast lift plus implant placement), or breast reduction procedure.  The circumareolar scar (scar all the way around the areola) usually heals very well and is camouflaged by the color difference between areolar skin and breast skin, but if you are going to have a scar around the areola you might as well do something to improve breast shape and/or size at the same time.  Keep in mind however that most breast lift and reduction procedures require a vertical scar from the bottom of the areola to the inframammary fold (crease below the breast), and in some cases a scar in the inframammary fold as well.

A word of caution: many surgeons perform what they call a 'circumareolar' (or 'donut' or 'Benelli' ) mastopexy.  In my opinion there is absolutely no such thing as a 'circumareolar mastopexy'.  Removing skin around the areola may enable a surgeon to elevate the position of the nipple/areola complex perhaps 1-2 cm on the breast mound, but it DOES NOT lift the breast itself.  In most cases, unfortunately, it serves to distort the shape of the breasts, making them appear flattened at the top.  If the breast needs to be lifted, it absolutely requires some internal rearrangement of breast tissue to create a projecting, aesthetically ideal and lasting result - which in turn requires that vertical incision and vertical surgical scar below the areola (and sometimes in the inframammary fold as well.