How long after periodontal scaling and root planning should I wait to put my invisalign aligners back in?

Contact you dentist immediately.  If you need a strong cleaning at the office it should remove the discoloration.  Also if your engagers are removed the aligners can be used as whitening trays to return your teeth to a brighter whiter shade again.

Aligners will not cause an infection. You say that you brush very well, but do you also floss? Brushing cleans only one half of each tooth. Floss cleans the other half. If you are seeing pus, then you have either a gum infection from periodontitis or a tooth abscess from a dead tooth. Either way...

Your teeth look almost straight except that your lowers are slightly crowded. I have treated many such cases with Invisalign. Invisalign is the most natural way to move your teeth and I wouldn't suggest veneers as the shape and size of your teeth looks absolutely fine and they look well aligned...

Here are some thoughts.  Often times attachments are removed if a refinement is necessary, are you close to this point in treatment?  Have you asked if you could shorten the interval between aligners to possibly speed up treatment? If you are the bride, did the dentist know the date of your wed...

It is likely that there is excess material that was used to place these "buttons"   return to your dentist so that it can be polished off.  Otherwise besides preventing flossing, it may prevent proper movement and positioning.

This is a complicated series of questions that you ask. I understand the financial importance, but the health concerns are far more important. Keep in mind that after age 12 palatal expansion comes with frequent relapse. In regard to the implants, I would place them after orthodontics, not...