How have you adjusted so far since it has been almost two weeks since you've gotten the braces? The discomfort subsides, but it takes time! Some things you can do to help are drinking ice cold water if you have niti wires since they are heat activated, warm salt water rinses for any sore spots you may have, and ibuprofen/tylenol (depending on what you prefer) to help calm the discomfort. As far as paying the full price, that would depend on your office's policies and the contract you signed. Just know, it may not be comfortable now but the results you achieve at the end will be all worth it!
It looks like there is a coil/spring right in front, that is used to create space so those teeth have room to move forward. Once your orthodontist sees that there is enough room, that bracket should then be engaged with a light wire
Yes, it will definitely prolong your treatment. When a bracket becomes loose, there is no longer any force in helping move the tooth, in turn causing the tooth to relapse. My best recommendation would be to get into your orthodontist as soon as possible to replace the bracket.
The tightness of a new tray is very normal! The first day or two, your teeth are getting used to the movement they need to make, that is why you may feel some discomfort and soreness. After continuous wear, your teeth are making small movements, so that is why the tray starts to feel loose and may go in and come out easier. We recommend to our patients that once the tray feels very loose, it is time to move on to the next tray! So, yes, it is normal!
It is very important to get into your orthodontic office as soon as possible to get the bracket back onto the tooth. Since there is no longer constant pressure on that tooth, it can delay treatment time depending on how long the bracket has been off. I recommend getting into the office within a day or so of the bracket coming off.