When your teeth are out of position the bone is often diminished. This happens because it is more difficult to floss and food and bacteria get trapped easier. To make matters worse a tooth that is out of alignment will have more pressure put on it laterally and or vertically which can lead to soreness and mobility especially if we have been clenching or grinding on it throughout the day. This is why orthodontics or braces is so important. Also the use of an orthotic may feel good to stabilize the teeth and bite.
Gum recession and bone loss are caused by many things and you have hit on many of them. Short answer: Improve bite with orthodontics (removable orthotic may also be necessary), stop smoking, floss daily, brush 2-3 times per day with a soft or extra-soft electric toothbrush (Braun), see a dentist regularly, get evaluated by a neuromuscular dentist for an orthotic.Long answer: If the pictures are accurate of how your teeth come toegether you have a malocclusion and exhibit an edge to edge bite. This situation alone will cause recession. Regarding getting braces (orthodontics) to stop gum recession that may help your situation. If you improve your bite through orthodontics your teeth will flex laterally less and reduce gum recession and abfraction, that term refers to your tooth flexing and fracturing away at the gum line caused by a malocclusion or bad bite not by a dentist. A dentist may have prepped the area for a filling to improve retention and assist in blending the filling to your natural tooth but the lesion from abfraction, even very minor, would have already been there. If no lesion was present a filling should not have been placed. Another factor that is rarely mentioned is the amount of stress put on your teeth from clenching or bruxing (grinding). Teeth that have heavy lateral stess will be sore and abfraction can be accelerated. I am a neuromuscular dentist and believe in the use of orthotics to help improve myalgia which can help improve the situation for your teeth by keeping the muscles more relaxed and improving the bite temporarily.
