First of all, thank you for your service. Secondly, if you talk to your previous orthodontist, you should be able to work something out to get retreated. It probably won't be at no additional cost, but he/she will likely give you a break.
Your upper midline is deviated to your right side. Correction of your midline will include orthodontic treatment and elastics. If you are looking for more esthetic options than traditional braces, please schedule a consultation with a board-certified orthodontist who offers Invisalign and Incognitio (braces behind the teeth).
Your cant can be corrected with orthodontic treatment. It will take more time than doing veneers and/or crowns, but you will have your natural teeth. Of course if you ask an orthodontist, we usually think that is a better option than having your teeth altered for cosmetic restorations :) Good luck!
While both Invisalign and braces are options to correct a Class II malocclusion, it is not possible which will be a better option for you without a exam and records. A 10mm overjet is quite significant and often has a skeletal component. If there is a large discrepancy due to your jaws being disproportionate, surgery may be recommended to give you the best correction of your bite and your face. If surgical correction is not a consideration for you, it may be possible to give you a camouflage treatment. Please seek the advice of a board-certified orthodontist who is well versed on all types of treatments.
Thanks for including several photos with your question and doing your research. Your chin position is due to mandibular deficiency (i.e. small lower jaw). Orthodontic treatment with braces or Invisalign can improve your occlusion (bite) but it will not make your chin or jaw larger. If you are concerned about your profile, you can consider a genioplasty, a surgical procedure to move the chin forward. It is less invasive than jaw surgery and is best done by a board-certified oral surgeon. Good luck!