Excellent dental care overal
It depends case by case. Usually a permanent crown is cemented temporarily if you had sensitivity and your doctor wants to evaluate things further. In cosmetic cases/areas its not uncommon to have the permanent crowns cemented temporarily for the patient to have a test run/trial period to make sure they like the shape and shade of the tooth before it's cemented permanently. Temporary cements are not meant to last forever, so check with your dentist to see when is the appropriate time to have it cemented permanently.
The length of veneers will be limited to your bite and lateral (side-side) movements of your jaw. For best results consult with your dentist to make a study model with wax ups on both canine to determine the most esthetic and functional length to your teeth. You may also consider going with invisalign or ortho tx first to align your teeth for ideal esthetic position.
Dental bonding, Composite restorations are great material for fixing chips on teeth. This can be done with or without anesthesia depending on the level of sensitivity. The important question is to figure out why you have a chip to begin with. From the picture there may be an underlying issue of bruxism or excessive force on the tooth that caused the chip. Please consult your dentist to evaluate your bite.
Yes, Make sure you have a good communication with your dentist and explain exactly what you want. They can always do wax ups of your teeth so you can decide on how much gap you want. It is definitely a personal preference.
In office teeth whitening systems can run from Free to $600 depending on office promotions. All the whitening systems will use a bleaching agent that is placed directly on the tooth. This agent may require a light (ZOOM, Laser) or may not. Consult with your dentist to see which system is best for you.