Thank you for your question and photos. You are an excellent candidate for a tummy tuck with a short, low pubic incision. You do have a wide muscle separation and this needs to be fixed from breast bone to the pubic bone (a mini tummy tuck by strict definition is repairing the muscle separation...
Probably not. Insurances will provide coverage for procedures that are done in order to improve function. Although we don't have pictures to judge, it sounds like you have a poorly healing scar with some abdominal skin overhang. One might argue to the insurance company that the poorly healed...
Thank you for your question and picture. What you're describing may be an incarcerated epigastric hernia. If so, this needs to be urgently attended to. Please see your primary care doctor or general surgeon as soon as possible if it's truly painful and "stuck".