Birthmarks

Birthmarks, or nevi, can be often be discreet and fade over time without treatment, however some birthmarks are permanent and unsightly, creating cosmetic concerns for those affected. Some birthmarks may even serve as indicators of underlying health issues.

Two main types of birthmarks include:

• Vascular birthmarks
• Pigmented birthmarks

Vascular birthmarks, such as hemangiomas, macular stains, or port wine stains, are the result of abnormal blood vessels.

Pigmented birthmarks, such as moles, Mongolian spots, or café au lait marks, are the result of pigmentation inconsistencies.

Birthmark causes

A birthmark, as its name suggests, is a marking on the skin that is present at birth or appears shortly thereafter. Although the exact cause of these skin irregularities is unknown, some speculate that the cause is an abnormal event that takes place in the cells during embryonic development.

Birthmark treatment

Although most birthmarks are harmless, many dermatologists recommend getting them checked to ensure there isn't an underlying disorder. It may be necessary to treat a vascular birthmark if it:

• Bleeds
• Interferes with normal activity
• Causes dissatisfaction with your appearance

Treating a birthmark typically involves some form of light therapy or laser treatment. The Q-switched laser, pulsed dye laser, and IPL treatment, are often popular birthmark removal options.

The cost of birthmark treatment varies depending on the size of the birthmark. Multiple treatments may be needed to remove or diminish a birthmark. Dermatologists often suggest doing a “test spot” birthmark treatment, which means treating a small area of the birthmark to see how it responds prior to scheduling a series of laser treatments.

Birthmark products

• Dermablend - A product line that claims to help cover up birthmarks and other conditions.
• Meladerm Advanced Pigment Reducing Complex - A skin lightening product said to to reduce the appearance of birthmarks.
• Babor Coverderm Cream - A camouflage said to cover discolorations on the face and body, even birthmarks.

More about birthmarks on RealSelf:

• How to treat a port-wine stain
  
• How to treat a cafe-au-lait birthmark
• Can my birthmark be removed?
  
• Can a large birthmark on my legs be removed?
  

Sources: Jordana Gilman, MD, Usha Rajagopal, MD